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(Testing) Limitation is a data problem before it is a legal one

Most limitation failures are not misreadings of the Act. They are a date that was never written down.

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Cover card reading 'Limitation is a data problem'

Ask a practitioner why a matter went out of time and you will rarely hear a misreading of the Limitation Act. You will hear that the starting date was never captured, or was captured in a place nobody looked at again.

The three dates that matter

For most causes of action, the whole question reduces to three dates, and only the first is genuinely hard:

  • The date the right to sue accrued.

  • The date of any acknowledgement that restarts the clock.

  • The date of filing.

The first is a legal judgment. The other two are bookkeeping, and bookkeeping is what systems are for.

Where the dates actually come from

Source

Reliable for

Caveat

eCourts cause-list

Hearing dates

Lags on the day of listing

Order sheet

Directions and adjournments

Scanned; needs reading

Client file

Accrual and acknowledgement

Often incomplete

Postal records

Service and receipt

Keep the original

The lag problem

Cause-lists are published the evening before, and revised on the morning. A system that polls once a day will be wrong on exactly the days it matters.

A date you learn about after the hearing is not a date. It is a post-mortem.


What good looks like

  • Every matter has an accrual date, even if approximate

  • Acknowledgements are recorded with their evidence

  • Cause-list sync runs more than once a day

  • Limitation is computed, not remembered

Why not just set a calendar reminder?

Because a reminder is set once, by one person, against one understanding of the accrual date. When the understanding changes — and it does, on the first substantive reading of the file — the reminder does not.

A computed date changes when its inputs change. That is the whole difference.

Further reading

The court's own explanation of how cause-lists are compiled is worth twenty minutes: eCourts services.

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Advocate, Bombay High Court

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